An analysis has been made in chapter 4 to get insight in the environment around the port, which eventually has a big influence on the erosion. The definition of the problem and the goals of this project are identified in chapter 3. There has to be found a solution for this ongoing erosion. The erosion can also cause a breakthrough of a dune row, which will result in a flooding of the hinterland. erosion is threatening a precious lagoon and some important land. However, the breakwaters of the Port extending into the sea caused severe erosion at the downdrift side of the Port (south side). It is an industrial Port with a lot of potential for expanding. The Port of Altamira is one of the fast growing ports in the world and is together with Veracruz and Coatzacoalcos one of the biggest ports of Mexico at the Gulf coast. It is more likely that the iron and manganese oxides are the most important metal binding components in the sediments of the Le An River. Sulfide is not a major binding component for metals in Le An River sediment. There is potential for mobilization of bound metals to the overlying water, the order of metal release ratio in terms of pH dependencies is Zn > Cu > Cd approximately Pb. We found that the in-situ Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and As concentrations of the Le An River sediments below the mine are much higher than are the global background values, but that Ni was not elevated. We determined the metal release potential of sediments from the Le An River which receives drainage from a major copper mining operation.
Recent research has indicated that sulfide, measured as acid-volatile sulfide (AVS), is an important partitioning component of heavy metals. Generally speaking, variations of pH and oxygen are among the most important chemical factors that affect the mobility of sediment-bound metals. The release of sediment-bound heavy metals can have a significant influence on river water quality. The text is supplemented by bibliographies, photographs, tables, and diagrams. The remaining three sections discuss basic hydrologic principles, fluvial geomorphology and water quality, stressing the value of such studies for improved environmental management. The book is divided into four sections, the first of which describes six case studies and exemplifies many of the problems facing the environmental planner today. Several chapters for instance include working examples to illustrate specific problem-solving techniques. The book provides a comprehensive review of the current literature associated with water resources, but perhaps more importantly can also be used as an introductory working document in dealing with particular environmental problems. They are successful in outlining the significant role of water in many environmental issues. The stated aim of the authors is to make all those concerned with planning more aware of the opportunities and constraints of natural processes in maintaining or reclaiming environmental quality. Water resources are examined essentially from a physical standpoint, although throughout the text the emphasis is on the application of basic hydrologic principles in problem solving. This book reviews many of the problems which currently confront the environmental planner - problems which promise to become even more signifcant in the near future. Accordingly, it was concluded that the water runoff from the small catchment areas can be harvested and used as potential source of water for the establishment of agricultural system based on irrigated lands or integrated rain-fed and irrigated systems.
In addition, the present study showed that the sediment transport did not have a great influence on the formation of the beaches even for wades with small cross section area. Assessment of the sediment transport phenomena and accumulated sediment in the study area showed no relationship to the amount of precipitation and therefore did not cause any side effect on beaches and depressions considered for this study. The study covered an area of 240 Km 2 including a 21 main wades and covered 2-4 year storm. To achieve this main goal, the soil characteristic and sediment transported by flash floods were collected for this area in addition to metrological data for 1961-1999 years. This study aimed to assess the possible utilization of rain-fed agriculture with minimum negative impacts on shoreline stability in the area 60 km east and west of the Marsa Matrouch City along the coastal zone of Egypt.
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